The solution of the educational and learning problems with the highest incidence and prevalence (e.g., literacy, mathematics) in the educational system requires the adoption of practices and programs that have been shown to be effective through rigorous research and evaluation designs. It is unacceptable that effective practices are available to address these problems and that they are not used in teaching practice. It is necessary to continue working on the production of more and better evidence but also on the development of a new generation of evidence-based educational policies.